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TABLE OF MEDICINES AND DOSES.

No fixed rule can be applied to dosage for various reasons. Primarily because one individual may be more readily affected by drugs than another, or the drugs may be so antagonized by the disease process as to render very large doses necessary. Therefore, dosage must be varied to suit the case, and taking into consideration age and sex.

The following table gives a full list of medicines ordinarily used, with their properties and the doses suitable for adults. The dose for a child may be determined, excepting in a few dangerous medicines, by this rule: Add twelve to the child's age in years and divide the sum by the child's age. The quotient shows what proportion of the dose for an adult is to be used. Thus: . 

      Child's age in years.....................   6
      Add .....................................  12
                                                 ---
      Divide by child's age....................6)18(3

and the dose for a child of six years is found to be one-third of the dose for an adult. This rule is not a law, however, for of narcotics children should receive less than this (one-half), and of purgatives or laxatives more than this (say two or three times). 

    MEDICINES AND PROPERTIES.                                                  DOSES.

Acetanilid; febrifuge, anodyne. .............................................1 to 5 grains
Aconite leaves, tincture of; narcotic, sedative and nauseant..10 to 15 drops 8 times a day
Aconite root, tincture of; narcotic, sedative and nauseant......1 to 5 drops 3 times a day
Aconite root, fluid extract of; narcotic and sedative...........1 to 3 drops 3 times a day
Aconite root, solid extract of; narcotic and sedative.......1/4 to 1/2 grain 3 times a day
Aloes socotrine, powdered; purgative........................................5 to 10 grains
Aloes socotrine, pills of; purgative...............................2 to 3 pills at bedtime
Aloes socotrine, tincture of; purgative............................1 to 3 drams at bedtime
Aloes and myrrh, tincture of; emmenagogue...........1 to 2 teaspoonfuls 2 or 3 times a day
Aloes and myrrh, pills of; emmenagogue............................3 or 4 pills twice a day
Alum, powdered; astringent and emetic.......................................3 to 30 grains
Alum, burned; escharotic...........10 to 15 grains moistened with water applied externally
Ammonia, carbonate of; stimulant..........................5 to 6 grains every 2 to 4 hours
Ammonia, water of (spirits of hartshorn); stimu. and caustic....8 to 12 drops diluted with
    water.
Ammonia aromatic, spirits of; stimulant....................10 to 20 drops diluted in water
Ammonia liniment (volatile); rubefacient................................applied externally
Ammoniac mixture; expectorant.............................tablespoonful 3 or 4 times a day
Ammonium chloride; expectorant..............................................5 to 10 grains
Angelica root, fluid extract of; stimulant and aromatic.....teaspoonful 3 or 4 times a day
Angelica root, decoction of; stimulant and aromatic........wineglassful 2 to 4 times a day
Anise-seed, essence of; aromatic and carminative.....................1 to 2 tablespoonfuls

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    MEDICINES AND PROPERTIES.                                               DOSES.

Antimonial wine; emetic ...............................................2 to 3 teaspoonfuls
Antipyrine; febrifuge ......................................................5 to 10 grains
Arrowroot, Bermuda; nutritive and tonic.........................................as a gruel
Arsenic, Donovan's compound solution of; alterative............5 to 10 drops 3 times a day
Arsenic, Fowler's solution of; alterative and febric............1 to 5 drops 3 times a day
Asafetida, pills of; anti-spasmodic...........................................1 to 2 pills
Asafetida, milk of; anti-spasmodic.....................................1 to 2 teaspoonfuls
Asafetida, tincture of; anti-spasmodic......................................25 to 40 drops
Balsam of copaiva; diuretic, laxative and stimulant...........20 to 30 drops 3 times a day
Balsam of fir; diuretic ....................................................10 to 15 drops
Balsam of Peru; stimulant and tonic..............................5 or 10 drops twice a day
Balsam of tolu, tincture of; stimulant and tonic............................20 to 40 drops
Belladonna, fluid extract of; diaphoretic, diuretic and narcotic..............3 to 5 drops
Belladonna, tincture of; diaphoretic, diuretic and narcotic.................10 to 20 drops
Belladonna, plaster of; anodyne and diaphoretic.........................applied externally
Belladonna, ointment of; anodyne........................................applied externally
Bismuth, subnitrate of; anti-spasmodic, absorbent, sedative.....5 to 10 grains twice a day
Bitter sweet, fluid extract of; emetic and narcotic...........30 to 40 drops 3 times a day
Black drop (vinegar of opium); narcotic.....................................10 to 12 drops
Black cohosh, decoction of; narcotic, diaphoretic and diuretic..wineglassful 3 times a day
Black cohosh, tincture of; narcotic, diaphoretic and diuretic.....teaspoonful 3 or 4 times
    a day
Black hellebore, fluid extract of; hyd., cath. and emm...10 to 15 drops 3 or 4 times a day
Blackberry root, decoction of; astringent and tonic........wineglassful 3 or 4 times a day
Blackberry root, fluid extract of; astringent and tonic..........teaspoonful 3 times a day
Blackberry root, syrup of; astringent.....................tablespoonful 3 to 6 times a day
Blue vitriol; emetic.........................................................1 to 3 grains
Blue mass pills; alterative and sialagogue....................1 or 2 pills (5 grains each)
Boneset, infusion of; stimu., sudorific and emm...1 to 2 tablespoonfuls 3 or 4 times a day
Boneset, fluid extract of; stimulant, sudorific and emm..30 to 40 drops 3 or 4 times a day
Borax, powdered; nephritic and deterient...................................15 to 25 grains
Buchu, infusion of; diaphoretic and diuretic..............tablespoonful 4 or 5 times a day
Buchu, fluid extract of; diaphoretic and diuretic...........teaspoonful 3 or 4 times a day
Buchu, tincture of; diaphoretic and diuretic........1 to 2 teaspoonfuls 3 or 4 times a day
Buckthorn, fluid extract of; hydragogue cathartic...................teaspoonful at bedtime
Burdock, fluid extract of; herpetic anti-scorbutic...........................tablespoonful
Calomel; alterative and laxative...........................................1/2 to 5 grains
Camphor, gum; anti-spasmodic and sedative....................................2 to 5 grains
Camphor, spirits of; anti-spasmodic and sedative............................10 to 25 drops
Camphor, water of; anodyne and sedative................................2 to 4 teaspoonfuls
Calamus root, fluid extract of; aromatic, stimulant and stomachic..............teaspoonful
Caraway seed, infusion of; aromatic and carminative..........................tablespoonful
Cardamom seed, tincture of; aromatic and stimulant.....................1 to 2 teaspoonfuls
Cardamom, compound tincture of; stomachic..............................1 to 2 teaspoonfuls
Cascara sagrada, fluid extract of; tonic laxative...........................10 to 30 drops
Catechu, powdered; astringent..............................................15 to 30 grains
Catechu, tincture of; astringent............................................10 to 30 drops
Catnip, decoction of; diaphoretic, stomachic and corrective..................tablespoonful
Cayenne pepper, powdered; stimulant..........................................3 or 6 grains
Cayenne pepper, tincture of; stimulant......................................10 to 15 drops
Castor oil; purgative................................................1 to 2 tablespoonfuls
Chamomile flowers, cold infusion of; tonic and stomachic.....1 to 2 tablespoonfuls 3 times
    a day.

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    MEDICINES AND PROPERTIES.                                               DOSES.

Chalk, prepared; antacid and astringent........................10 to 80 grains in mucilage
Chalk mixture; antacid and astringent..................................2 or 3 teaspoonfuls
Chloroform; narcotic and sedative.............................. 10 to 60 drops in mucilage
Chloroform, liniment of; anesthetic and anodyne.........................applied externally
Cinnamon, powdered; astringent and stomachic................................5 to 15 grains
Cinnamon, oil of; astringent and stomachic....................................2 to 4 drops
Cinnamon, essence of; astringent and stomachic..............................20 to 25 drops
Cloves, powdered; aromatic, carminative and stimulant......................10 to 15 grains
Cloves, oil of; stimulant, aromatic and carminative...........................1 to 5 drops
Colombo, root, decoction of; tonic.............................tablespoonful 3 times a day
Colchicum root, wine of; narcotic, diuretic and sedative......10 to 30 drops 3 times a day
Colchicum seed, tincture of; narcotic, diuretic and sedative. 10 to 30 drops 3 times a day
Corrosive sublimate; antisyphilitic....................1-60 to Vg grain 2 or 3 times a day
Cotton root, fluid extract of; emmenagogue, parturient and abortive.........20 to 80 drops
Cream tartar; aperient and refrigerant................................teaspoonful in water
Cubebs, powdered; stimulant and diuretic...................................20 to 30 grains
Cubebs, fluid extract of; stimulant and diuretic............................20 to 40 drops
Cubebs, tincture of; stimulant and diuretic............................1 to 2 teaspoonfuls
Cubebs, oil of; stimulant and diuretic.............................10 to 12 drops on sugar
Dandelion, fluid extract of; alterative, aperient, tonic and diuretic..1 to 2 teaspoonfuls
Dogwood bark, decoction of; tonic, astringent and stimulant......wineglassful 2 or 3 times
    a day.
Dover's powder; diaphoretic.....................................5 to 15 grains at bed-time
Elder flower, decoction of; alterative, diaphoretic and diuretic.....1 to 2 tablespoonfuls
Elm bark, infusion of; demulcent and diuretic.................................wineglassful
Epsom salts; cathartic................................2 or 3 teaspoonfuls before breakfast
Ergot, powdered (fresh); astringent........................................15 to 30 grains
Ergot, fluid extract of; astringent.........................................15 to 60 drops
Ergot, tincture of; astringent...............................................1 teaspoonful
Ergot, wine of; astringent.................................................. 1 teaspoonful
Fennel seed, infusion of; aromatic and carminative...........................tablespoonful
Fennel seed, oil of; aromatic and carminative.................................3 to 6 drops
Fever-root, decoction of; diuretic, cathartic and emetic.....................tablespoonful
Flaxseed, infusion of; demulcent...........................wineglassful every 3 or 4 hours
Flaxseed, poultice of; astringent....................................excellent for drawing
Flaxseed, oil and lime-water; astringent.......................applied to scalds and burns
Foxglove, powdered (digitalis); diuretic, narcotic and sedative......1/2 to 1 grain 2 or 3
    times a day.
Foxglove, tincture of; diuretic, narcotic and sedative....5 to 15 drops 2 or 8 times a day
Garlic, syrup of; expectorant..........................................1 to 2 teaspoonfuls
Gaultheria, oil of (wintergreen); antirheumatic..............................2 to 10 drops
Gentian, tincture of; tonic................................................. 1 teaspoonful
Ginger, powdered; stimulant and carminative................................20 to 30 grains
Ginger, tincture of; stimulant and carminative..............................15 to 30 drops
Glauber salts; aperient and cathartic.................1 to 2 teaspoonfuls before breakfast
Gelsemium, fluid extract of; narcotic, sedative, diaphoretic and febrifuge....2 to 5 drops
Gelsemium, tincture of; narcotic, sedative, diaphoretic and febrigue.........5 to 10 drops
Gum arabic, mucilage of; demulcent........................tablespoonful every 3 or 4 hours
Guaiacum, tincture of; diaphoretic and diuretic.............teaspoonful 2 or 3 times a day
Henbane, tincture of; narcotic and anodyne..................................15 to 30 drops
Henbane, fluid extract of; narcotic and anodyne..............................5 to 15 drops
Hoarhound, decoction of; sudorific, pectoral, aperient and tonic.............tablespoonful
Hoarhound, syrup of; sudorific and pectoral..................................tablespoonful
Hops, tincture of; nerve tonic and sedative..............1 to 2 teaspoonfuls every 4 hours
Hydrastine (active principle of yellow root); astringent, tonic, stomachic, antibilious..1
    to 2 grains.

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    MEDICINES AND PROPERTIES.                                               DOSES.

Hypophosphites, syrup of; tonic.........................1/2 to 1 teaspoonful 3 times a day
Iodine, tincture of; alterative and discutient................applied to scrofulous tumors
Iodine, ointment of; discutient...............................applied to scrofulous tumors
Iron, carbonate (rust) of; tonic............................................5 to 10 grains
Iron, syrup of iodide of; alterative, diuretic and tonic.........5 to 10 drops twice a day
Iron tincture, muriate of; tonic............................................10 to 30 drops
Irish moss, infusion of; nutritive, demulcent and expectorant................tablespoonful
Ipecac, powdered; emetic and diaphoretic.........................................20 grains
Ipecac, fluid extract of; emetic and diaphoretic............................20 to 25 drops
Ipecac, wine of; emetic and diaphoretic................................1 to 2 teaspoonfuls
Ipecac, syrup of; emetic and diaphoretic..............................teaspoonful repeated
Jalap, powdered; cathartic................................................ 15 to 30 grains
Juniper berries, infusion of; diuretic.....................wineglassful 3 or 4 times a day
Lactucarium; anodyne........................................................5 to 10 grains
Lady's-slipper root, decoction of; nervine...................................tablespoonful
Laudanum; narcotic...........................................................5 to 20 drops
Lead, acetate (sugar) of; astringent and sedative.........1 to 3 grains every 3 or 4 hours
Lead, Goulard's extract of; anodyne and sedative.....1 ounce diluted with 1 pint of water;
    applied externally to reduce inflammation.
Licorice root, decoction of; demulcent and expectorant........................wineglassful
Life-everlasting, decoction of; astringent, diaphoretic, stomachic...1 to 2 tablespoonfuls
Liverwort, decoction of; astringent, demulcent and pectoral..........1 to 2 tablespoonfuls
Lobelia herb, infusion of; emetic and diaphoretic...........................2 teaspoonfuls
Lobelia herb, powdered; emetic and diaphoretic.............................10 to 15 grains
Lobelia seed, tincture of; diaphoretic, emetic and expectorant..............20 to 40 drops
Magnesia, carbonate; antacid and laxative..................................15 to 60 grains
Magnesia, calcined; antacid and laxative...................................15 to 60 grains
May-apple root, powdered; cathartic, hydragogue and emetic.....15 to 20 grains at bed-time
May-apple root, fluid extract of; hydragogue, cathartic and emetic.......15 to 30 drops at
    bed-time.
Manna; laxative............................................1 to 2 drachms before breakfast
Manna, syrup of; laxative...........................1 to 2 tablespoonfuls before breakfast
Mercury with chalk; alterative..............................................2 to 10 grains
Mercury, mass of (blue pill); cathartic.....................................3 to 10 grains
Mercury, red precipitate ointment; stimulant............................applied externally
Mercurial ointment (blue); resolvent, antiparasitic.....................applied externally
Morphine, sulphate of; anodyne and soporific..............................1/8 to 1/4 grain
Mustard seed (black), ground; diuretic, emetic and stimulant..........1/2 to 1 teaspoonful
Mustard seed (white), ground; diuretic, emetic and stimulant..................wineglassful
Nitrate of silver (crystals); astringent, antispasmodic......1-6 to 1/4 grain 2 or 3 times
     a day
Nitrate of silver, lunar caustic (sticks); escharotic...................applied externally
Nut-galls, tincture of; astringent.....................................1 to 2 teaspoonfuls
Nut-galls, ointment of; astringent.....................................1 to 2 teaspoonfuls
Nox vomica, tincture of; diuretic, excrement, stimulant and tonic.........15 drops 3 times
    a day.
Nox vomica, fluid extract of; diuretic, excrement, stimulant and tonic...1 to 5 drops 2 or
    3 times a day.
Opium, powdered; narcotic and stimulant................................1 grain at bed-time
Opium, tincture of.  (See Laudanum.)
Opium, camphorated tincture of.  (See Paregoric.)
Paregoric; anodyne.....................................................1 to 2 teaspoonfuls
Pennyroyal, infusion of; diaphoretic, emmenagogue, stimulant.......wineglassful every hour
Peppermint, infusion of; stimulant and carminative.........wineglassful 2 or 3 times a day
Peruvian bark, powdered; febrifuge and tonic...................1 drachm 2 or 3 times a day
Peruvian bark, decoction of; febrifuge and tonic...........wineglassful 3 or 4 times a day
Peruvian bark, fluid extract of; tonic and febrifuge..........30 to 60 drops 3 times a day

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    MEDICINES AND PROPERTIES.                                               DOSES.

Pepsin, pure; digestant....................................................15 to 60 grains
Pepsin, saccharated; digestant......................................30 grains to 1/2 ounce
Pepsin, liquor; digestant..............................................2 to 4 teaspoonfuls
Phenacetine; antipyretic, antineuralgic......................................2 to 5 grains
Pinkroot, infusion of; anthelmintic.............................tablespoonful before meals
Pinkroot, fluid extract of; anthelmintic.................1/2 to 1 teaspoonful before meals
Pinkroot and senna, fluid extract of; anthelmintic, purgative.....teaspoonful before meals
Podophyllin (active principle of mandrake); diuretic, purgative..1 to 3 grains at bed-time
Potash, chlorate........................................10 to 15 grains dissolved in water
Potash, citrate; refrigerant and diaphoretic...............................20 to 25 grains
Potash, nitrate (saltpetre); refrigerant and diaphoretic....................6 to 12 grains
Potassium, bromide of; antiscorbutic, nerve sedative........................5 to 60 grains
Potassium, iodide of; alterative and antisyphilitic...........5 to 15 grains 3 times a day
Rochelle salts; aperient...................................2 or 3 drachms before breakfast
Rhatany root, decoction of; astringent and tonic.............................tablespoonful
Rhatany root, tincture of; astringent and tonic................................teaspoonful
Rhubarb, powdered; astringent and cathartic ...............................20 to 30 grains
Rhubarb, tincture of; astringent and cathartic.........................1 to 2 teaspoonfuls
Rhubarb, fluid extract of; cathartic and astringent.........................25 to 40 drops
Rhubarb, syrup of; cathartic and astringent............................2 or 3 teaspoonfuls
Rue herb, decoction of; tonic, anthelmintic and emmenagogue..................tablespoonful
Saffron (American), infusion of; diaphoretic...........................2 to 3 teaspoonfuls
Saffron (Spanish), infusion of; diaphoretic............................1 to 2 teaspoonfuls
Sage, infusion of; sudorific and stomachic....................................wineglassful
Sassafras pith, infusion of; demulcent and anodyne.......1 or 2 teaspoonfuls; also applied
    to sore eyes.
Sassafras bark, infusion of; diaphoretic and stimulant.....wineglassful every 2 or 3 hours
Sarsaparilla, decoction of; alterative and deobstruent.............teacupful 3 times a day
Sarsaparilla, fluid extract of; alterative and deobstruent.......teaspoonful 3 times a day
Sarsaparilla, compound syrup of; alterative, deobstruent..tablespoonful 4 to 6 times a day
Scammony; cathartic.............................................5 to 15 grains at bed-time
Senega (snakeroot), fluid extract of; expectorant, stimulant and diuretic....5 to 20 drops
Senna, decoction of; cathartic.......................................1 to 2 tablespoonfuls
Senna, fluid extract of; cathartic.....................................1 to 4 teaspoonfuls
Stramonium leaves, tincture of; narcotic, sedative, antispasmodic......10 to 20 drops 2 or
    3 times a day.
Stramonium leaves, ointment of; sedative................................applied externally
Soda, bicarbonate; antacid.................................................15 to 30 grains
Seidlitz powders; aperient.......................................1 powder before breakfast
Sweet spirits of nitre; diaphoretic, diuretic and febrifuge.................30 to 60 drops
Tansy (double), decoction of; sudorific, emmenagogue, anthelmintic...1 to 2 tablespoonfuls
Thyme, infusion of; aromatic and stomachic....................................wineglassful
Uva ursa leaves, decoction of; diuretic and tonic..........wineglassful 3 or 4 times a day
Uva ursa, fluid extract of; diuretic and tonic.....1/2 to 1 teaspoonful 3 or 4 times a day
Waterpepper herb, tincture of; stimulant, diuretic and emmenagogue.............teaspoonful
Wild cherry bark, cold infusion of; tonic, astringent, sedative....tablespoonful 3 times a
    day.
Wild cherry bark, syrup of; sedative...........................tablespoonful 3 times a day
Witch-hazel; anodyne, astringent, sedative, styptic..1 to 2 teaspoonfuls; also, externally
    to reduce inflammation.

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INSTRUCTIVE TABLES UPON HYGIENIC SUBJECTS.

EXPECTATION OF LIFE AT VARIOUS AGES

Age. Male. Fem. Age. Male. Fem. Age. Male. Fem. Age. Male. Fem.
0 year
1 year
2 years
3 years
4 years
5 years
6 years
7 years
8 years
9 years
10 years
11 years
12 years
13 years
14 years
15 years
16 years
17 years
18 years
19 years
20 years
21 years
22 years
23 years
24 years 		39.91
46.65
48.83
49.61
49.81
49.71
49.39
48.92
48.37
47.74
47.05
46.31
15.54
44.76
43.97
43.18
42.40
41.64
40.90
40.17
39.48
38.80
38.13
37.46
36.79 		41.85
47.31
49.40
50.20
50.43
50.33
50.00
49.53
48.98
48.35
47.67
46.95
46.20
45.44
44.68
43.90
43.14
42.40
41.67
40.97
40.29
39.63
38.98
38.33
37.68 		25 years
26 years
27 years
28 years
29 years
30 years
31 years
32 years
33 years
34 years
35 years
36 years
37 years
38 years
39 years
40 years
41 years
42 years
43 years
44 years
45 years
46 years
47 years
48 years
49 years 		36.12
35.44
34.77
34.10
33.43
32.76
32.09
31.42
30.74
30.07
29.40
28.73
28.06
27,39
26.72
26.06
25.39
24.73
24.07
23.41
22.76
22.11
21.46
20.82
20.17 		37.04
36.39
35.75
35.10
34.46
33.81
33.17
32.53
31.88
31.23
30.59
29.94
29.29
28.64
27.99
27.34
26.69
26.03
25.38
24.72
24.06
23.40
22.74
22.08
21.42 		50 years
51 years
52 years
53 years
54 years
55 years
56 years
57 years
58 years
59 years
60 years
61 years
62 years
63 years
64 years
65 years
66 years
67 years
68 years
69 years
70 years
71 years
72 years
73 years
74 years 		19.54
18.90
18.28
17.67
17.06
16.45
15.86
15.26
14.68
14.10
13.53
12.96
12.41
11.87
11.34
10.82
10.32
9.83
9.36
8.90
8.45
8.03
7.62
7.22
6.85 		20.75
20.09
19.42
18.75
18.08
17.43
16.79
16.17
15.55
14.94
14.34
13.75
13.17
12.60
12.15
11.51
10.98
10.47
9.97
9.48
9.02
8.57
8.13
7.71
7.31 		75 years
76 years
77 years
78 yea:s
79 years
80 years
81 years
82 years
83 years
84 years
85 years
86 years
87 years
88 years
89 years
90 years
91 years
92 years
93 years
94 years
95 years
96 years
97 years
98 years
99 years
100 years 		6.49
6.15
5.82
5.51
5.21
4,93
4.66
4.41
4.17
3.95
3.73
3.53
3.34
3.16
3.00
2,84
2.69
2.55
2.41
2.29
2.17
2.06
1.95
1.85
1.76
1.68 		6.93
6.56
6.21
6.88
5.56
5.26
4.98
4.71
4.45
4.21
3.98
3.76
3.56
3.36
3.18
3.01
2.85
2.70
2.55
2.42
2.2§
2.17
2.06
1.96
1.86
1.76

TABLE SHOWING THE DEATH-RATE PER 1,000 OF EACH SEX IN EACH OF THE THREE CONDITIONS OF LIFE.

AGES. MALES. FEMALES.
Unmarried. Married. Widowers. Unmarried. Married. Widows.
20-25...
25-30...
30-35...
35-40...
40-45...
45-50...
50-55...
55-60...
60-65...
66-70... 		12.88
10.17
11.51
13.15
16.62
19.60
25.80
32.10
45.92
58.50 		8.92
6.24
6.82
7.52
9.55
11.47
15.61
21.50
32.60
44.80 		49.60
21.84
19.17
17.50
18.89
22.20
26.80
34.17
47.50
62.97 		8.32
9.02
9.87
10.87
13.28
15.71
20.97
26.90
40.52
58.30 		9.92
8.98
9.36
9.29
10.14
10.69
14.11
19.29
30.75
45.30 		12.31
23.62
16.90
15.03
12.73
13.30
15.20
24.47
87.07
53.50

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BIRTH, MARRIAGE, AND DEATH STATISTICS.

The following interesting table gives a comparative view of the fertility of marriages, the legitimacy and illegitimacy of births, and the mortality in city and country in the various European States:

COUNTRIES. CHILDREN TO
ONE MARRIAGE.		 INFANT
MORTALITY.		 ADULT MORTALITY. FERTILITY OF
MARRIAGE.		 ILLEGITIMATE TO
LEGITIMATE BIRTHS.
City. Coun-
try.		 City. Country. City. Country. City. Coun-
try.		 City. Country.
France.......
Netherlands..
Belgium......
Sweden.......
Denmark......
Schleswig....
Holstein.....
Saxony.......
Hanover......
Prussia...... 		3.16
3.91
3.80
2.99
3.04
3.50
3.37
4.60
2.93
4.00 		3.28
4.32
4.17
4.19
3.34
3.69
3.88
4.13
3.65
4.44 		*35.69
36.25

38.86
29.66
27.42
29.92
39.88
28.70
36.02 		*28.56
28.90

24.50
22.68
23.42
25.29
36.22
26.47
29.47 		1:21.51
1:35.55
1:34.35
1:28.95
1:37.41
1:35.17
1:38.73
1:31.10
1:38.52
1:27.97 		1:42.21
1:43.03
1:44.31
1:46.86
1:49.77
1:48.49
1:44.15
1:34.70
1:41.17
1:34.46 		2.03
2.49

1.83
2.14
2.54
2.36
2.77
2.08
2.56 		2.34
8.07

3.16
2.58
2.83
2.90
2.64
2.68
3.13 		*15,13
7.7
14.59
27.44
16.45
8.38
15.50
15.39
17.42
9.80 		*4.24
2.84
5.88
7.50
10.06
6.37
8.74
14.64
9.06
6.60

* Per cent.

AVERAGE LENGTH OF LIFE IN VARIOUS OCCUPATIONS.

The Report of Registration of the State of Massachusetts shows that the average length of life of the various trades and professions has been as follows:


Occupations. Years. Occupations. Years.
Farmers .....................
Millers .....................
Sawyers .....................
Physicians ..................
Hatters .....................
Clock and Watchmakers .......
Carpenters and Joiners ......
Blacksmiths .................
Sailmakers ..................
Woodturners .................
Combmakers ..................
Masons ......................
Butchers ....................
Tanners .....................
Cabinetmakers ...............
Gunsmiths ...................
Carriagemakers ..............
Harnessmakers ...............
Brickmakers .................
Woolsorters .................
Leatherdressers .............
Laborers ....................
Musical Instrument Makers ...
Tailors .....................
Architects ..................
Bakers ......................
Dressmakers (women) .........
Seamen ......................
Stonecutters ................
Coppersmiths ................
Silver and Goldsmiths .......
Dyers .......................
Mechanics ...................
Painters .................... 		65.19
57.43
56.67
55.08
54.55
54.43
53.31
53.31
52.84
52.55
51.38
50.48
50.29
50.05
48.65
48.57
48.38
48.36
47.99
47.55
47.41
47.39
47.32
47.19
47.15
46.76
46.49
46.33
46.30
46.07
45.46
45.35
45.13
45.06 		Weavers .....................
Artists .....................
Shoemakers ..................
Brushmakers .................
Furnace Men .................
Founders ....................
Shoecutters .................
Pianofortemakers ............
Glasscutters ................
Civil Engineers .............
Cigarmakers .................
Engineers ...................
Musicians ...................
Tinsmiths ...................
Expressmen. .................
Nailmakers ..................
Machinists ..................
Jewelers ....................
Servants (women) ............
Teamsters ...................
Bookbinders .................
Upholsterers ................
Barbers .....................
Pail and Tubmakers...........
Cutlers .....................
Operatives ..................
Printers ....................
Engineers and Firemen .......
Drivers .....................
Milliners ...................
Glassblowers ................
Plumbers ....................
Carvers .....................
Operatives (women) .......... 		44.65
44.56
44.45
43.40
43.05
42.73
42.62
42.50
42.39
42.34
41.59
41.57
41.19
40.96
40.94
40.80
40.80
40.29
40.19
40.13
39.94
39.78
39.77
39.50
39.28
38.92
38.57
38.21
38.16
37.30
37.S1
35.43
33.84
27.98

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AVERAGE WEIGHT AND STATURE OF MAN.

MALES. FEMALES.
Age. Feet. Pounds. Age. Feet. Pounds.
0 years................
2 years................
4 years................
6 years................
9 years................
11 years................
13 years................
15 years................
17 years................
18 years................
20 years................
30 years................
40 years................
50 years................
60 years................
70 years................
80 years................
90 years................ 		1.64
2.60
3.04
3.44
4.00
4.36
4.72
5.07
5.36
5.44
5.49
5.52
5.52
5.49
5.38
5.32
5.29
5.29 		7.06
25.01
31.38
38.80
49.95
49.77
75.81
96.40
116.56
127.59
132.48
140.38
140.42
139.96
136.07
131.27
127.54
127.54 		0 years................
2 years................
4 years................
6 years............;...
9 years................
11 years................
13 years................
15 years................
17 years................
18 years................
20 years................
30 years................
40 years................
50 years................
60 years................
70 years................
80 years................
90 years................ 		1.62
2.56
3.00
3.38
3.92
4.26
4.60
4.92
5.10
5.13
5.16
5.18
5.18
5.04
4.97
4.97
4.94
4.94 		6.42
23.53
28.67
35.29
47.10
56.57
72.65
89.04
104.34
112.55
115.30
119.82
121.81
123.86
119.76
113.60
108.80
108.81

COMPOSITION OF THE HUMAN BODY.

ELEMENTS. Pounds. Ounces. Grains.
1. Water, which is found in every part of the body, and amounts to. 109 0 0
2. Fibrine, and like substances, found in the blood, and forming the chief solid materials of the flesh. 15 10 0
3. Phosphate of lime, chiefly in boues and teeth, but in all liquids and tissues. 8 12 0
4. Fat, a mixture of three chemical compounds, and distributed all through the body. 4 8 0
5. Osseine, the organic framework of bones; boiled, gives gelatine. Weighs 4 7 350
6. Keratine,a nitrogenous substance, forming the greater part of hair, nails and skin. Weighs 4 2 0
7. Cartilagine resembles the osseine or bone, and is a nitrogenous substance, the chief constituent of cartilage, weighing 1 8 0
8. Hemoglobine gives the red color to the blood, and is a nitrogenous substance containing iron, and weighing 1 8 0
9. Albumen ia a soluble nitrogenous substance found in the blood, chyle, lymph and muscle, and weighs 1 1 0
10. Carbonate of lime is found in the bones chiefly, and weighs 1 1 0
11. Kephalin is found in nerves and brain, with cerebrine and other compounds 0 13 0
12. Fluoride of calcium is found in teeth and bones, and weighs 0 7 175
13. Phosphate of magnesia is also in teeth and bones, and weighs 0 7 0
14. Chloride of sodium, or common salt, is found in all parts of the body, and weighs 0 7 0
15. Cholesterin, glycogen and inosite are compounds containing hydrogen, oxygen and carbon, found in muscle, liver and brain, and weighing 0 3 0
16. Sulphate, phosphate and salts of sodium, found in all tissues and liquids. 0 2 107
17. Sulphate, phosphates and chloride of potassium are also in all tissues and liquids. 0 0 300
18. Silica, found in hair, skin and bone. 0 0 30
Total 154 0 0

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PERCENTAGE OF NUTRITION IN VARIOUS ARTICLES OF FOOD.

Raw Cucumbers .................
Raw Melons ....................
Boiled Turnips ................
Milk ..........................
Cabbage .......................
Currants ......................
Whipped Eggs ..................
Beets .........................
Apples ........................
Peaches .......................
Boiled Codfish ................
Broiled Venison ...............
Potatoes ......................
Fried Veal ....................
Roast Pork ....................
Roast Poultry ................. 		 2
 3
 4-1/2
 7
 7-1/2
10
13
14
16
20
21
22
22-1/2
24
24
26 		Raw Beef ......................
Raw Grapes ....................
Raw Plums .....................
Broiled Mutton ................
Oatmeal Porridge ..............
Rye Bread .....................
Boiled Beans ..................
Boiled Rice ...................
Barley Bread ..................
Wheat Bread ...................
Baked Corn Bread ..............
Boiled Barley .................
Butter ........................
Boiled Peas ...................
Raw Oils ...................... 		26
27
29
30
75
79
87
88
88
90
91
92
92
93
95

WARMTH AND STRENGTH DERIVED FROM VARIOUS ARTICLES OF FOOD AND DRINK.

Grains of Strength yielded by
one pound of 7,000 grains. 		  Grains of Warmth yielded by
one pound of 7,000 grains.
Grains.   Grains.
Beer or Porter ...............
Parsnips .....................
Turnips ......................
Whey .........................
Greens .......................
Potatoes .....................
Skimmed Milk .................
New Milk .....................
Buttermilk ...................
Barley .......................
Rice .........................
Bacon ........................
Rye Bread ....................
Baker's Bread ................
Pearl Barley .................
Fresh Pork ...................
Seconds Flour ................
Corn Meal ....................
Fresh Fish ...................
Cocoa ........................
Oatmeal ......................
Mutton .......................
Fresh Beef ...................
Beef Liver ...................
Split Peas ...................
Cheddar Cheese ...............
Skim Milk Cheese ............. 		1
12
12
13
14
24
34
35
35
70
70
78
89
99
91
108
120
125
129
130
140
140
172
200
250
310
360 		  Whey .........................
Turnips ......................
Beer and Porter ..............
Buttermilk ...................
Skimmed Milk .................
New Milk .....................
Carrots ......................
Parsnips .....................
Potatoes .....................
Fresh Fish ...................
Beef Liver ...................
Red Herrings .................
Baker's Bread ................
Fresh Beef ...................
Molasses .....................
Skim Milk Cheese .............
Cheddar Cheese ...............
Seconds Flour ................
Rye Bread ....................
Rice .........................
Barley Meal ..................
Indian Meal ..................
Sugar ........................
Fresh Pork ...................
Bacon ........................
Butter .......................
Lard .........................
Drippings .................... 		150
238
315
335
351
378
390
425
770
980
1,220
1,455
1,990
2,300
2,300
2,350
2,550
2,700
2,700
2,750
2,780
2,800
2,900
3,100
4,200
4,700
4,800
5,500

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Last Modified: Monday, 13-May-2013 15:31:47 EDT